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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2220-2404</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="eissn">2221-1373</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title xml:lang="ru">ГУМАНИТАРНЫЕ, СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ И ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ НАУКИ</journal-title>
        <journal-title xml:lang="en">HUMANITIES, SOCIAL-ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SCIENCES</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>ООО «Наука и образование»</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2220-2404-2026-7-24</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>социологические науки</subject>
        </subj-group>
        <subj-group>
          <subject>sociological sciences</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="ru">СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЙ О БУДУЩЕМ В РОССИИ И ЗА РУБЕЖОМ: ОТ РЕТРОУТОПИИ К ТЕХНООПТИМИЗМУ</article-title>
        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
          <trans-title>COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL PERCEPTIONS OF THE FUTURE IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD: FROM RETROTOPIA TO TECHNO-OPTIMISM</trans-title>
        </trans-title-group>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name name-style="eastern">
            <surname>Тарасенко</surname>
            <given-names>Лариса Викторовна</given-names>
          </name>
          <name-alternatives>
            <name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru">
              <surname>Тарасенко</surname>
              <given-names>Лариса Викторовна</given-names>
            </name>
            <name name-style="western" xml:lang="en">
              <surname>Tarasenko</surname>
              <given-names>Larisa V.</given-names>
            </name>
          </name-alternatives>
          <email>lvtarasenko@sfedu.ru</email>
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7589-0429</contrib-id>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff-alternatives id="aff1">
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="ru">Высшая политическая школа имени Ивана Ильина при Российском государственном гуманитарном университете</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff>
            <institution xml:lang="en">Ivan Ilyin Higher Political School at the Russian State University for the Humanities</institution>
          </aff>
        </aff-alternatives>
      </contrib-group>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-24">
        <day>24</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-06-23">
          <day>23</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-07-20">
          <day>20</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd" iso-8601-date="2026-07-15">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <copyright-statement>© Тарасенко Л.В., 2026</copyright-statement>
        <copyright-year>2026</copyright-year>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарасенко Л.В.</copyright-holder>
        <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Larisa V. Tarasenko</copyright-holder>
        <license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">
          <license-p>CC BY 3.0</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract xml:lang="ru">
        <p>Актуальность. В условиях поликризиса 2020-х гг. образ будущего становится критическим ресурсом национальной устойчивости, однако его конфигурация существенно варьируется в разных странах. Цель. На основе эмпирических данных 2023–2026 гг. выявить общие закономерности и национальные особенности конструирования образов будущего в массовом сознании России, США, Европы, Китая и Индии. Задачи. Зафиксировать доминирующие компоненты образа, будущего в каждой стране; выявить параметры сравнения (ретроутопия, институциональное доверие, горизонт планирования, поколенческие разрывы); определить факторы, обусловливающие сходство и различия. Методы. Теоретической рамкой выступает концепция социологии будущего Ю.Г. Волкова, предполагающая переход от прогнозирования к активному формированию образа будущего через социологический диагноз и сценарное мышление. Использован вторичный анализ данных Pew Research Center, ВЦИОМ, Левада-центра, Европейской комиссии, SINUS-Institut, Ipsos, CEEW и Edelman Trust Barometer. Анализ выполнен по трём осям: «доверие / тревога», «прошлое / будущее», «коллективизм / индивидуализм». Результаты. Выделены четыре идеальных типа: «ретроутопический» (Россия), «технооптимистический с элементами ностальгии» (Китай), «кризисный плюрализм» (США и Европа) и «амбивалентный оптимизм» (Индия). Общей чертой всех стран выступает рост ретроспективных настроений, однако механизмы и глубина этого процесса различны. Россия демонстрирует наиболее выраженную ретроутопическую ориентацию (62%), Китай — устойчивый технооптимизм, Индия — уникальное сочетание оптимизма (66% считают направление страны правильным) и сильной ностальгии по прошлому. Выводы. Образ будущего становится ключевым полем политической и культурной конкуренции. Сравнительная перспектива показывает, что способность общества сконструировать вдохновляющий образ завтрашнего дня напрямую влияет на его мобилизационный потенциал. Дальнейшие исследования целесообразно направить на изучение механизмов трансформации тактического оптимизма в стратегическое целеполагание в различных национальных контекстах.</p>
      </abstract>
      <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
        <p>Relevance. In the context of the polycrisis of the 2020s, the image of the future has become a critical resource for national resilience; however, its configuration varies significantly across countries. Object. Based on 2023–2026 empirical data, the article aims to identify common patterns and national specificities in the construction of images of the future in the mass consciousness of Russia, the USA, Europe, China, and India. Research objectives. To determine the dominant components of the image of the future in each country; to identify comparative parameters (retrotopia, institutional trust, planning horizon, generational divides); and to ascertain the factors accounting for similarities and differences. Methods. The theoretical framework is Yu.G. Volkov's concept of the sociology of the future, which implies a shift from forecasting to the active formation of the image of the future through sociological diagnosis and scenario thinking. A secondary analysis of data from Pew Research Center, VCIOM, Levada Center, the European Commission, SINUS-Institut, Ipsos, CEEW, and the Edelman Trust Barometer was employed. The analysis was conducted along three axes: "trust/anxiety," "past/future," and "collectivism/individualism."Findings. Four ideal types are identified: "retrotopian" (Russia), "techno-optimistic with elements of nostalgia" (China), "crisis pluralism" (USA and Europe), and "ambivalent optimism" (India). A common feature of all countries is the rise of retrospective sentiments; however, the mechanisms and depth of this process differ. Russia exhibits the most pronounced retrotopian orientation (62%), China demonstrates sustained techno-optimism, and India presents a unique combination of optimism (66% believe the country is headed in the right direction) and strong nostalgia for the past. Conclusions. The image of the future is becoming a key arena for political and cultural competition. The comparative perspective shows that a society's ability to construct an inspiring vision of tomorrow directly affects its mobilizational potential. Further research should focus on the mechanisms of transforming tactical optimism into strategic goal setting across different national contexts.</p>
      </trans-abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
        <title>Ключевые слова</title>
        <kwd>образ будущего</kwd>
        <kwd>ретроутопия</kwd>
        <kwd>технологический суверенитет</kwd>
        <kwd>институциональное доверие</kwd>
        <kwd>социальное воображение</kwd>
        <kwd>поколенческий разрыв</kwd>
        <kwd>технооптимизм</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>image of the future</kwd>
        <kwd>retrotopia</kwd>
        <kwd>technological sovereignty</kwd>
        <kwd>institutional trust</kwd>
        <kwd>social imagination</kwd>
        <kwd>generational gap</kwd>
        <kwd>techno-optimism</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья подготовлена в рамках реализации государственного задания по НИР «Будущее российской цивилизации: сценарии развития до 2050 года». Шифр: FSZG-2026–0018. Регистрационный номер: 1025122600008-7-5.9.1</funding-statement>
        <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article was prepared as part of the implementation of the state research assignment "The Future of Russian civilization: development scenarios until 2050". Code: FSZG-2026–0018. Registration number: 1025122600008-7-5.9.1.</funding-statement>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body/>
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